John h



fr UMTEDSTATES JorINjHi McGowan, or oIvonvNA'rI,` OHIO.

PATENT OFFICE. i

FORGE-PUMP.

Specification of` Letters Patent No. 11,169, dated June 27, 1854.

`exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing, which forms part of this specification, and 1n whicht Figure l represents a` view inperspective `of a bouble acting force pump which em'- braces myimprovement; Fig.f2 represents a view in perspective of the valve chamber and valves detached, showing also in red lines the lower margin of the upper chambers of the pump; Fig. 3 represents a similar view of `the valve chamber with the valves detached to`exhibit the several openings for the ingress and egress of the water; Fig. 4t represents a section ofthe pump cut at the irregular line XX of Fig. 2 ,and Fig.

\ 5 represents a View in perspective of the pump inverted, the valve chamberbeing removed. The pump represented inthe drawing is ofthe variety known asla doubleacting force pump. It has a vertical cylinder (A); a

y piston (B) whichworks inthe cylinder, a

piston rod (C) that passes through a stuthng box in the cap of the'cylinder. The .cylinder is" surrounded by a case (D) which forms an air chamber to render the issue of water from the discharge pipe more equable. A part of the annular space between thecylinder and surrounding case is occupied by the delivery pipe (E) a sidepipe (M) for conductingwater to and from that part of the cylinder which for the time being is above `the piston; and a vacuum chamber (N) which communicates withv the supply or induction pipe below the lowestvalve, but having no communication `with those parts of the pump above the lower valve. The important `otlice which this chamber thus arranged has to` perform will be hereafter explained.`

Immediately beneath the cylinder and air` chamber the valve box (F) isplaced. This box is divided into compartments, to separate-the two delivery valves from the supply valves. The suction pipe (Gr) terminates in thecompartment- (I), which `is fitted with `valve openings (g, g to communicate with the upper and lower end `of thecylinder alternately, to supply it with water at one end, while the piston is discharging it from the other end. `The compartments (J, J

lare also fitted with valve openings` (e, e) that communicate with the upper and lower end of thecylinder alternately, to conduct the water discharged by the piston `into the air chamber through the passages (Z2, It will be seen that all the valves are placed below the air chamber and above the vacuum `chamber, and from the direction of the currents to and from the pump, as indicated by the arrows, it will be seenthat one half of the valves are closed and the other half open 5:

viz: When the supply valve is open, which permits the water to be drawn into the lower end of the cylinder, the valve which permits the water to be discharged from the upper end yof the cylinder is also open. And when these valves are closed the others are open.

The vacuum chamber is closed at the top and sides, but at its lower end communicates with the` suction or supply pipe below all the valvesby a passage (S) which remains constantly open.. Preparatory to setting up this pump,` it should be inverted, and the vacuum chamber filled with water. I This water will be retained in the chamber by the pressure` of the atmosphere acting on the water below when this atmospheric pressure is not neutralized by the suction of the pistonabove, which when working fast often breaks'the column of water below the induction. valve, by drawing it out of ,the valve box faster than it is supplied through the `suction pipe; when this state of things would take place in other pumps, and it tends to take place in this, the water in the vacuum chamber descends, and prevents the breaking above, enables this pump to elevate more water with a given amount of power, than can be `done by any `other piston p-ump known. l

After the water has descended from the vacuum chamber to compensate the deficient `supply by the suction pipe at the commencement of the stroke of` the piston, and while the column of water in the suction pipe is being put in motion, the further supply of water is readily furnished by the suction not to the vacuum chamber, the water drawn v thence at the commencement of the stroke,

in this way the excess of water supplied by the suction pipe after the current is airly established at one stroke, is held in store7 to supply the deficiency at the commencement of the next strike, by which means the force employed to give momentum to the water is not lost, as in other piston pumps.

What I-claim as my invention, and desire` to secure by Letters Patent, is;

IThe combination of an air chamber communicating with the pump above al1 the valves, with a vacuum chamber communicating with the pump below all the valves, whereby the elevation of water is rendered more equable7 and eected with a saving of power as herein set forth.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name.

JOHN H. MCGOWAN.'

VVitnesses:

WM. CHIDSEY, JAMES C. GIFFEN. 

